Course Content
Introduction, history, classification, trade, importance, prospects and constraints of medicinal and aromatic plants
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Introduction
Some terminologies
History of MAPs in Nepal
Classification of MAPs
Trade of medicinal plants from Nepal
Importance of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Prospects of MAPS
Constraints of MAPS cultivation in Nepal
Research status of MAPs in Nepal
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Introduction
Extraction and storage methods for MAPS
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Introduction
General methods of extractions of medicinal plants/ formulation
Methods of extraction for medicinal plants
Methods of extraction of essential oils or fragrance
Distillation Technology for Essential Oils or fragrance
Scarification & Expression Methods for Essential Oils or fragnance
Solvent extraction
Enfleurage method (extraction with cold fat)
Maceration (extraction with hot fat)
Hydrolytic maceration
Extraction of alkaloids
Methods of extraction of Alkaloid
Storage of Medicinal Plants
Types of packaging material
Raw materials for the fragrances/Aromatic plants extracts
MAPs in CITES
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Introduction
Appendices of CITES
Limitations of CITES
Plant profile, description, origin, distribution, cultivation, management, harvesting and chemical evaluation of MAPS
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Aloe vera
Digitalis
Rauvolfia serpentina (Indian snakeroot)
Bojho
Neem
Sacred basil
Dhaturo
Madagaskar periwinkle
Citronella
Lemon grass
Palma rosa
Ginger grass
Khus
Lemon scented gum
Mint
Rosemary
Chamomile
Rose
Learn Medicinal and Aromatic Plants with Rahul
About Lesson

Mint

  • Scientific name: Mentha arvensis

 

a. Cultivation:

  • Propagation :- Multiplication through stolon is commercially practices in several countries.
  • Sowing Season:- January – March and May-June. Optimum sowing season is February.
  • Spacing:- 40-60 x 10-15 cm.
  • A piece should be 4-6 cm long with 2 -4 nodes.

 

b. Environment:

  • Humid and warm climate is usually preferred.
  • Average rainfall 100 – 200 cm/annum.
  • A well-drained loamy, silty loam to clayey loam soils with a soil pH ranges of 6 to 7.5.

 

c. Management:

  • 12-15q of FYM/compost/ha. 120:50-60: 40-60kg of NPK/h.
  • 20kg of Zn/ha. is recommended.
  • 3-5 weddings and hoeing.
  • Irrigation:-It requires heavy irrigations (8-10) during summer and 4-5 irrigations during autumn.

 

d. Harvesting:

  • 100 – 105 days of planting particularly when the flower buds start to open during rain onset.
  • Second harvest is made 90 – 100 days after the first harvest usually in october. Cut the entire plants above the ground.
  • Yield:- 15 -25 tonnes/ha. Which 150kg of oil may be obtained.
  • The oil content is 0.4 to 0.7 percent on fresh weight basis.

 

e. Chemical evaluation:

  • Actions:- Antiseptic, Antispasmodic, Anaesthetic, Antimicrobial, Carminative, Cytotoxic, Digestive, Expectorant, Stomachic, Stimulant, Cholagogue (Stimulates the secretion and flow of bile in to the duodenum), Astringent (Causes contraction of organic tissues). Febrifuge, Tonic.
  • Principal constituents include Menthol and Menthone, Linayl acetate and menthol, piperitone. Pulegone, Pinone.

 

f. Uses:

  • The oil is used is some pharmaceutical preparations such as cough cold syrups, drops, mouth washes, herb teas in the form of menthol.
  • Extensively used in the preparation of cough lozenges, tooth pastes detergents, soaps, cosmetics, perfumes and especially industrial fragrances used by the food industry especially for flavouring confectionery, liqueurs, and chewing gums, tobacco, pan masala, scanty cigarettes.
  • It is mainly used for the isolation of natural Menthol
  • Products like Pudinhara, Sancho,Souche,Sparsh, Balms medicines are commercially used for remedy of indigestion and cold, coughs, fever and it is used as anti-vomiting agent.
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