Clinical Findings:
- Affected animals voids “dark-red brown” to almost “black” urine.
- Milk is yellowish or reddish in color
- Drop in milk production
- Anorexia, lethargy
- Pale mucus membrane and icteric mucus membrane
- Tachycardia, tachypnea
- Extremities and teats are cold to touch.
- Passage of pasty feces with straining
- Death occur due to anemic anoxia.
Diagnosis:
- Based on history
- Based on clinical findings
- Based on blood report; serum level of P; 0.5-1.5 mg/dL (Normal 4-7 mg/dL)
Treatment:
- Transfusion of 4-6 litre of blood is the only known treatment consistently reported effective.
- Blood transfusion is indicated only, if PCV < 15%
- Affected cows should be placed in warm and calm environment allowing easy access to feed and water.
- Oral drenches with fluid to maintain hydration may be needed in depressed animals.
- Oral treatment of 200-300 g of sodium phosphate salt every 12 hr which may be preceded by IV infusion of monosodium dihydrogen phosphate @60g in 300 mL of sterile water.
- In case of Cu deficiency, copper glycinate @120 mg IV has been recommended.
- Ferritas injection, Tonophosphan- 10-15 ml IV or IM for 4-5 days
- Vitamin C @ 15-20 mg/kg, IV daily for 3-4 days
- Liver extract with vitamin B complex
- Mineral mixture @ 30-40 gm/animal/day