Measurement of blood sugar:

Blood sugar level is measured by the following methods.

1. Direction estimation of blood sugar by enzymatic and non enzymatic methods.
2. Some indirect methods for estimating blood sugar level are:
3. Measurement of HbA1c
4. Fructosamine

3. Glucose tolerance test:

It is the test done to see the capacity of animals to tolerate the given amount of glucose. This can be of two types oral GTT, and Intravenous GTT. In oral GGT glucose is given orally and blood glucose is monitored in half hourly interval for 2-3 hours. But in the intravenous GTT glucose is given intravenously.

Clinical presentation in Diabetes Mellitus:

1. When blood sugar exceeds renal threshold then glucosuria occurs.
2. Polyuria is also seen
3. Polydypsia
4. Polyphagia
5. Loss of weight
6. Ketoacidosis is also seen
7. Sometimes atherosclerosis
8. Cataract of lens of eye