Strategies for social, biological and physical stability

A) Strategies for social stability:

Following steps are recommended for Social Stability:

1. Promote democracy, peace and justice;
2. Protect, respect and fulfill human rights;
3. Address the underlying causes of poverty and conflicts;
4. Promote people’s meaningful participation in all aspects of State governance;
5. Stop corruption in politics at all levels;
6. Promote a culture of addressing needs not greed;
7. Implement effective measures for addressing the impact of climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions;
8. Ensure adequate investment in research, development and extension in order to promote sustainable development based on the needs and priorities of the country;
9. Engage local people in planning, implementation and monitoring for the management of natural resources; and
10. Invest in harnessing alternative energy sources
11. Create employment and income generating opportunities in order to reduce poverty.
12. Create awareness regarding its consequences and its adverse effect on environment.
13. Preventive and control measures regarding HIV transmission.
14. Incorporate parents, teachers and citizen to prevent and avoid drug addiction.
15. Government initiatives related to legal and social welfare program.

B) Strategies for physical stability:

The strategies to be developed for integrated land and water use planning should include the following steps:

1. Preparation of land use classes such as agriculture, forestry, grassland catchment areas and watersheds.
2. Enactment of new laws and updating the existing ones to protect from land degradation.
3. Protection of land near water bodies.
4. Country wise campaign to minimize soil and water run off losses.
5. Carrying out extensive works like contour trenching, terracing, construction of small storage, catchment treatment and protection of the vegetal cover in the catchment
6. treatment and protection of the vegetal cover in the catchment and watershed
7. Restoration and reclamation of degraded areas including weed infested areas, mined areas, grazing lands and salt affected soils.
8. Wind erosion control programmes
9. Agro-silvo pastoral techniques in arid and semi arid zones.
10. Building up a network for assessment and monitoring of soil and water.
11. Water conservation
12. Wetland conservation for ensuring sustainable ecological and economic benefits.
13. Improvement the traditional methods of rain water harvesting.
14. Prevent and control pollution
15. Interception and diversion of municipal and industrial wastes away from water bodies,
16. classification, zoning, regulation and regulation for maintaining the quality of water bodies.

C) Strategies for biological stability:

a) In-situ conservation:

• It is the process of protecting an endangered plant or animal species in its natural habitat, either by protecting or cleaning up the habitat itself, or by defending the species from predators.

I. Reserves:

• Wildlife and livestock conservation is mostly based on in situ conservation. This involves the protection of wildlife habitats. Also, sufficiently large reserves are maintained to enable the target species to exist in large numbers.

II. Agriculture:

• Variety stored at a germplasm bank.
• Variety multiplied by farmers are jointly tested in the producers’ field and in the laboratory, under different situations and stresses.
• The best tested accessions are crossed / mixed and multiplied under replicable situations and improved accessions are supplied to the producers.

b) Ex-situ conservation:

• It is the process of protecting an endangered species of plant or animal outside of its natural habitat; for example, by removing part of the population from a threatened habitat and placing it in a new location, which may be a wild area or within the care of humans.

I. Zoos and botanical gardens: Protected specimens for breeding and reintroduction into the wild when necessary and possible.

II. Seed banks or germplasm banks: It can be used to refer to a special type of arboretum where seeds are harvested and the crop is rotated.

III. Gene bank: The genetic information needed in the future to reproduce endangered animal species can be preserved in gene banks, which consist of cryogenic facilities used to store living sperm, eggs, or embryos.