Constraints to sustainable agriculture:

a) Limited use of land

The main disadvantage is the limited use of land, which makes it difficult to produce large quantities of food. Therefore mass production is not possible.

b) It takes more work

Since the use of machines is minimal or eliminated, it takes more time and people to successfully produce plants, which slows down the production.

c) Shorter shelf life

Decomposing occurs faster in food that is produced sustainably, causing it to have a shorter shelf life. If a shipment gets delayed, there is a big chance that it will never get to the supermarket because it will already be spoiled.

d) Less fertile lands

It is quite hard to increase the fertility of land just by rotating crops and without the use of fertilizers and other chemicals.

e) Lower-income

Because the land is used sparingly, the income that is generated from farming is very limited.

f) Deforestation

The average annual rate of deforestation is 1.815 million ha, or 5000 ha per day and main cause of deforestation is shifting cultivation.

g) Nutrient loss

Through erosion and “mining” of the soil caused by inadequate replenishment of nutrients removed by higher and more frequent harvests. This represents a serious threat to sustainability.

h) Weed problem

Gradual development of resistant pests, and evidence of undesirable side effects on non-target species and human beings.