Infectious equine anaemia:

• Affects horses
• Also known as swamp fever, mountain fever, slow fever, equine malarial fever
• Clinical signs include fever, anemia, edema in some animals.

a) Etiology:

• Equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV), family retroviridae

b) Transmission:

• Mechanically by biting insects
• By blood transfusion, contaminated needles, surgical instruments, etc.
• Transplacental, milk and semen

c) Incubation period:

• Week to > 45 days

d) Symptoms:

• Fever, loss of appetite
• Jaundice
• Anaemia in chronic infected animals
• Horse may die during acute stage
• Spleen, liver and abdominal lymph nodes may be enlarged

e) Diagnosis:

• Weight loss , edema, fever

f) Differential diagnosis:

• Febrile illness, leptospirosis
• ELISA test
• Autoimmune hemolytic anaemia and other disease
• PCR test

g) Control:

• No vaccine available
• Permanent isolation of animals
• Quarantine
• Control insect vectors
• Disinfectants