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Course Content
Introduction
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Mountain
Basic Issues of Mountain Agriculture
Mountain specifities/ inter-linkage/ imperatives
Inter-linkage of mountain specificities
Impact of human activities on mountain ecosystem
Traditional VS Modern Mountain Agriculture system
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Traditional agricultural system
Way to manage natural resources
Land management practices in mountain
Watershed
Soil and water conservation measures for agricultural land
Erosion control measures for non-agricultural land
Agroforestry
Criteria of Good Agroforestry Design
Advantages of agro forestry
Efforts for policy drivers for achieving sustainable livelihoods
Indigenous AFS in Nepal
Biodiversity conservation
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Introduction
The value of biodiversity
The concept of biodiversity conservation
Strategy for biodiversity conservation
Practices of biodiversity conservation
Mountain agricultural and rural income diversification
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Mountain niches or comparative advantages
Bio-capacity
Ecological footprint
Pocket area development concept
Non-Timber Forest Products and its Sustainability
Community forestry (CF)
Commercial farming
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Commercial farming
Species of honey bee
The bee colony – various castes and their activities
Emergence of new Queen, and Swarming of the old one
Apiculture and commercial production of honey
Wild honey bee diversity
Threats and challenges in wild honey bee management
Opportunities on conserving/managing wild honey bees
Recommendations for conservation of wild honey bees
Sericulture
The cocoon
Rearing of silkworms
Main properties of silk
Basic criteria for silkworm rearing and silkworm production in hilly area of Nepal:
Constraints of silkworm
Mushroom
Types of Mushrooms
Significances or importance of mushroom in the poverty alleviation
Medicinal species
High value cash crops
Agro-ecotourism
STATUS OF AGROECOTOURISM
Six steps of basic planning process for tourism development
Efforts on Agro-Ecotourism Promotion
Institutional policies/ strategies in mountain agricultural development
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Problems of mountain agriculture
Policy issues for mountain agriculture
Mountain specific program development
Mountain specific program development
Climate change and its impact on mountain agriculture
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Introduction
Impact of climate change in Agriculture
Research Potential of Nepalese Agriculture to adapt Climate Change
Buffalo breeds and their characteristics
Cattle breeds and characteristics
Sheep
Goat
Role of Yak and Nak in livelihood support
Mountain livestock genetic diversity
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Socio- economic importance of livestock
Need and requirement of genetic conservation of livestock
Challenges, constraint and Sustainable development of Mountain Agriculture
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Sustainable Agriculture
Goals/ objectives of sustainable agriculture
Principles of sustainable agriculture
Major constraints and challenges faced by the people of mountain in their livelihood system and future of sustainable development
Improving soil and crop productivity in mountain agriculture
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Soil fertility
Soil nutrient management options
Agro-eco Zonation
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Importance of agro-eco zonation
Bio-engineering
Brush layering
Hedgerow planting
Palisade
Grass planting
Riprap
Grass waterways
Fascine
Jute netting
Master Mountain Agriculture – Notes, Case Studies & Practical Insights – with Rahul

Principles of sustainable agriculture:

The basic principles of sustainable agriculture are:

1. Resource conservation.

2. Emphasize conservation of soil, water, energy and biological resources.

3. Use of renewable resources instead of non-renewable resources.

4. Shift from through flow of nutrient management to recycling of nutrients.

5. Efficient use of human use of inputs.

6. Land use must be according to natural potential of land

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