Course Content
Introduction, history and basics of animal breeding
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Introduction
Steps of Animal Breeding
Aspects of animal breeding
The history of animal breeding: science and application
Establishment of herd books
Animal breeding in the 20th century
Gene resources of Nepal
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Efforts for conservation of gene resources in Nepal
Mission and objectives of Gene bank
Variation and causes of variation
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Introduction
Causes of variation
Evaluating genetic and environmental effects
Causes of Genetic Variation
Important Economic Traits of livestock and poultry
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Important Traits in Farm Animal
Important traits of dairy animals
Important traits of Pig
Important traits of Sheep/Goat
Important traits in Poultry
Importance of Heredity and Environment
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Heredity
Mechanism of Heredity:
Educational Implications of Heredity and Environment
Gene Action
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Types of gene Action
Concept of heritability and repeatability
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Heritability (h2)
Heritability is function of a population
Estimating heritability
Estimation by results of selection
Estimation by ANOVA
Repeatability (r)
Significance of repeatability
Selection (principles, basis, methods, selection parameters)
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Principle of Selection in Animal Breeding
Circumstances in which pedigree selection is performed/useful
Family Selection and Sib selection
Progeny Testing
Requirements/Precautions to be taken for progeny testing
Methods of Selection
Qualitative traits in animal selection
Qualitative traits in animal for selection
Transgenic animal and significance of transgenic animal
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Transgenic animal
How do transgenic animals contribute to human welfare?
Deoxyribo nucleic Acid (DNA)
Ribonucelic acid (RNA)
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Gel-Electrophoresis
Hormone for male and female reproductive system
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Reproductive hormones in males
Reproductive hormones in females
Synchronization of ovulation, A.I., and semen processing
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Purpose of estrus synchronization
Synchronization for cow
Synchronization for Heifer
Introduction of Artificial Insemination
Preparations for insemination and sanitation
Things to remember before Artificial insemination
General tips for insemination technique
Semen collection methods and evaluation:
Artificial Vagina Method
Advantages of using Artificial Vagina method
Semen collection method. (a.v.)
Semen Storage
Embryo transfer technology and super-ovulation
Super Ovulation
Learn Principles and Practices and Animal Breeding with Rahul

Important Traits in Farm Animal

Traits in farm animals can be categorized into five features namely reproductive, production, quality, aesthetic and behavioral traits.

  1. Reproductive traits are also referred as fitness traits that are normally concerned with reproduction and viability. Examples of such traits are litter size, conception rate, calving interval, gestation length, survival ability, etc.
  2. Production traits include milk yield, growth rate, feed efficiency, weaning weight, wool yield, egg production etc.
  3. Quality traits are referred to meat and milk, wool and eggs quality. Meat quality refers to carcass composition, backfat thickness in pig, eye muscle area in all carcass, meat quality, milk fat percentage.
  4. Aesthetic traits are usually features of a more aesthetic nature were personal preference in important. Examples include coat colour, coat type, udder shape, physical appearance, horn shape, etc.
  5. Behavioral traits are those involved in animal welfare. Example includes docility of pet dogs, bulls for ploughing, horse for riding, etc.
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