Drainage

• Drainage is the removal of excess water either from agricultural land or barren land.
• Much of excess water is removed naturally by surface runoff, deep seepage, evaporation and
• transpiration but these processes are often too slow to prevent damage to crop and thus removal of excess water must be carried out with the help of drainage.

Objectives of drainage

• removal excess water from the soil to improve the productive capacity of soil
• improvement in soil structure
• increase in depth of plant rooting zone
• improve air circulation, to warm soil
• improve organic matter decay and nitrification
• reduced erosion
• diminished effect of drought
• increased leaking of soil
• prevention of freezing in temperate soil
• removal of salts from the soil by drainage of saline soil from irrigated land and
• check the water logging condition in agricultural land.