Ion Exchange in Soils
Definition:
Ion exchange refers to the process where soil colloids exchange positive (cation) or negative (anion) charges with the soil solution. It plays a crucial role in nutrient retention, soil structure, and fertility management.
Importance of Ion Exchange in Agriculture:
✔Retains and releases essential plant nutrients (Ca²⁺, K⁺, NH₄⁺, H₂PO₄⁻).
✔Helps in soil structure and crumb formation.
✔Influences soil development and clay mineral formation.
✔Helps in reclaiming acidic and alkaline soils.
✔Affects fertilizer efficiency and nutrient availability.
Types of Ion Exchange
1️. Cation Exchange (Base Exchange)
2️. Anion Exchange (Acid Exchange)
Cation exchange is more common in soils due to the predominance of negative charges on soil colloids, especially in temperate regions.