Soil Pedogenesis

• Pedogenesis can be defined as the process of soil development.
• Late in the 19th century, scientists Hilgard in the United States and the Russian Dukuchaev both suggested independently that pedogenesis was principally controlled by climate and vegetation.
• This idea was based on the observation that comparable soils developed in spatially separate areas when their climate and vegetation were similar.

Soil formation process

• The soil formation is the process of two consecutive stages.
• The first step is accomplished by weathering (disintegration & decomposition)
• The second step is associated with the action of Soil Forming Factors