Plant tissue culture

• It refers to cultivation of plant organs, tissues in ana artificial media under aseptic condition.
• In this technique small pieces of viable tissues called ex- plant are isolated from parent plants and grown in a defined nutritional medium and maintained in controlled environment for prolonged period under aseptic condition.

Types of plant tissue culture

a) Callus culture

b) Cell culture

c) Protoplast culture

d) Cell suspension

e) Embryo suspension

f) Seed culture

g) Organ culture

Steps of plant tissue culture

a) Identification and isolation

b) Appropriate environment

c) Culture media

d) Sterilization

i) Surface

ii) Sub-surface

e) Regeneration in lab

f) In field cultivation

Application of tissue culture

a) Biotransformation and biochemical production

b) Clonal propagation

c) Somaclonal variation

d) Somatic hybridization

e) Genetic transformation

f) Organelle transfer

g) Germplasm conservation

h) Germplasm exchange

i) Production of disease free plants

j) Mutant isolation.