Factors that control translocation

a) Light and Darkness:

• light favors greater movement of organic solutes towards shoot apex and darkness favors the opposite.
• Interestingly, most of the glucose synthesized by leaves during the day is stored as starch and the same is converted into sucrose at nights and transported out of the leaves.

b) Temperature:

• if the temperature is increased, the rate of translocation also increases. However very high temperature is fatal.

c) Effect of Phytohormones:

• Growth promoting hormones like indole acetic acid , Gibberellins and cytokinin are found to accelerate the rate of translocation.

d) Effect of minerals:

• boron has been found to facilitate the movement of sucrose.
• The absence of boron reduces the rate of translocation significantly.

e) Effect of Concentration Gradient:

• Steeper the gradient, greater is the rate of translocation and vice versa