Course Content
An overview of Nepalese agriculture and economy
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Introduction
Major Components of Agriculture from the Agro-ecosystem Perspective
NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL POLICY, 2004
Vision
Conservation, promotion and proper utilization of natural resources and the environment
Implementation and monitoring arrangements
Role and importance of agriculture in Nepalese economy
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Introduction
Major components of Agriculture
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MAJOR COMPONENTS OF AGRICULTURE
Land use pattern from ecological perspective
Components of agriculture detail
Different types of horticultural crops grown in Nepal
Present situation of horticultural crops production in Nepal
Problems of horticultural sector
Livestock and livestock product
Reasons for underdevelopment of livestock sector in Nepal
Water resources, water management, plan, policy and performance on water resources of Nepal
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Importance of water policy
Water in food production
Water resources for irrigation
Main problems of agriculture
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Slow growth of production and productivity
Obstacles of slow growth of agriculture in Nepal
Risk and uncertainty
A brief description of major institutions relating to agricultural development
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Teaching, Research and Extension Institution
The Mission
Academic Programmes and Facilities
Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC)
Department of Agriculture (DOA)
Extension policy and approach
Financial institutions
Major functions of the national cooperative unions
Functions of commercial banks
Bodies of commercial Bank
Other institutions
Genesis of agricultural development
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History of planned development Nepal
Review of Agriculture Development in Nepal
Integrated rural development program
A critical evaluation of agricultural development in different plan periods including resource allocation, objectives and their achievements
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First Five-Year Plan (1956-1960)
Second Three-Year Plan (1962-1965)
Third Five Year Plan (1965-1970)
Fourth Five Year Plan (1970-1975)
Fifth Five Year Plan (1975-1980)
Sixth Five Year Plan (1980-1985)
Seventh Five Year Plan (1985-1990)
The Eighth Plan (1992-1996)
The Ninth Plan (1997-2002)
The Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-2007)
Achievements of 10th plan
The Three-Year Interim Plan (2007-2010)
Land reform and land tenure system
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Land Reform
Major Steps of Land Reform (1950-before 1964)
Land Reform 1964
Land tenure system (Raikar, Guthi & Kipat)
Agricultural perspective plan
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Introduction to APP
APP justification
Major Targets of APP
Objectives of APP
Strategies of APP
APP prioritizes
Efforts of poverty alleviation In Nepal
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Introduction
Poverty Alleviation Program in Nepal
Roles of NGOs/INGOs in poverty alleviation in Nepal
List of some NGOs and INGOs, which are directly or indirectly related to poverty alleviation.
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Poverty Alleviation Program in Nepal

a) Poverty alleviation program before 1990s:

1) Tribhuvan village development program (TVDP): It was introduced after political change in 1951 in collaboration with the US government under the Technical Assistance of Indian government. It was based on the concept of technological diffusion through human and financial assistance.

 

2) Panchayat development model (PDM): Its objectives were Institutional development, Social mobilization and Attitude change.

3) Integrated Panchayat development model

It was developed based on the following principles:

  • Local institutions should be developed.
  • Felt needs of the people should considered.
  • Planning should be done through people’s participation,
  • Plan should be formulated and executed in integrated manner,
  • Decentralization should be done at all levels, and
  • Development workers should be accountable to the rural people.

4) Land reform and resettlement program: It was initiated in 1964 to improved land ownership positively

5) Rapti doon development program

6) Remote area development program: It was stated at 1968.

7) Food distribution program: It was conduced under the subsidy and transfer program to provide food to the civil servants in the remote and food deficit areas at lower price than market price. The program of fertilizer subsidy and credit subsidy were also conducted, but none of these programs benefited the rural poor.

8) Nutritious food program: Nutritious food program, supported by WFP (World Food Program), was implemented with the aim of providing dietary support for groups that are nutritionally at risk.

9) Joint nutritional support program: Guided by UNICEF, was launched to solve nutritional problems that steam from combination of inadequate income, poor health and improper hygiene.

10) Employment creation program: Under this come Special Public Work Program (SPWP), sponsored by ILO and food work program supported by WFP.

11) Integrated rural development program: During 4th and 5th plan, the program was launched and initially had set the objectives of reducing migration from hill to terai area based specification of agriculture and rural development. Under this different commodity development programs were established at the national level and various programs were developed and implemented. These programs were found to favor a monoculture and neglect development activities that requires long gestation period.

12) Small farmers development program: It was initiated by HMG/N under the execution responsibility of ADB/N since 1975. The small farmer was taken to include not only farmers with smallholdings but also landless laborers, cottage industry artisans and other disadvantaged rural poor.

13) Production credit for women: Production credit for women (PCRW) was initiated in 1982 to increase the income of women, enhance their status in society and improve the welfare of their families.

14) Intensive Banking program: It was the directive from Nepal Rastra Bank aimed to channeling credit from Nepal’s commercial banks to rural areas.

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