Course Content
Rural Sociology: Meaning, Nature, Scope and Relationship, Importance in Nepalese Context and Relationship with Agricultural Extension and Other Social Sciences
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Sociology
Nature of rural sociology
Relationship of Sociology with other sciences
Importance of Rural Sociology in Nepal
Social Values and Attitudes: Meaning, Definition, Types and Role of Social Values and Attitudes in Agricultural extension
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Social values: Meaning and definition
Role of social values and attitudes in agricultural extension
Nepalese Rural Society
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Characteristics of Nepalese Rural Society
Culture and cultural concepts
Some important terminologies related to culture
Types of Culture
Some important terminologies
Rural Urban Continuum: Concept, Differences and Relationship Between Rural Urban Societies.
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Rural Urban Continuum
Differences between rural and urban society
Social Groups: Meaning and Definition and Classification of Groups
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Meaning and definition
Classification of social group
Factors Considered in Formation and Organization of Groups, Stage of Group Formation, Role of Social Groups in Agricultural Extension
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Factors considered in formation and organization of groups
Stage of group formation
Social Process (Process of Social Interaction): Basic Concepts, Accommodation, Adjustment, Amalgamation, Cooperation, Consensus, Competition, Conflict and Integration
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Basic concept
Accommodation
Forms of accommodation
Some terminologies
Cooperation
Competition
Conflict
Integration
Conflict Stages, Conflict Intensity, Continuum and Conflict Management
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Conflict
Conflict intensity
Conflict continuum
Conflict management
Social Movement: Meaning and Causes of Social Movement, Early and Recent Theories and Types of Social Movement
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Introduction
Factors of social movement
Types of people who are motivated for social movement
Early theories of social movement
Recent theories of social movement
Types of movements
Social Stratification: Meaning, Bases (Class, Caste, Age and Gender), Viewpoints on Stratification: Functional, Marx and Max Weber
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Introduction
Bases of social stratification
Viewpoints on stratification
Social Stratification and Inequality: Caste/ Ethnic and Regional Exclusion in Nepal
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Caste/ethnicity in Nepal
Regional inequality
Rural-Social Institutions: Concept and Functions
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Rural-social Institution: Concept and Function
Household, family and its types- marriage systems
Essential features of family
Types of family
Marriage
Farming, fishing and hunting
Exchange labour
Political institution: Government
Religious institution: Types, maintenance and followers
Social Problems and Their Solution
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Social problems
Socialization: Meaning, Stages and Agents of Socialization
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Socialization: Meaning
Agents of socialization
Overview of Theories of Socialization Self by Cooley, Mead and Freud
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Charles Horton Cooley
George Herbert Mead
Sigmund Freud
Social Change: Meaning and Factors of Social Change
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Meaning
Factors of Social Change
Agricultural Technology and Rural Social Change
0/1
Technological Factors in Social Change
Social System: Meaning and Elements of Social System
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Social system: Meaning
Social Deviance and Social Control: Meaning, Types and Mechanism
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Social deviance: meaning
Classifications of deviance
Mechanisms of deviance
Social control: meaning
Leadership Meaning, Classification, Function and Role of Local Farm Leader in Agricultural Develop
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Leadership meaning
Leadership classification
Leadership function
Role of farm leader in agricultural development
Qualities of a Good Leader
Education, Psychology, Educational Psychology, Social Psychology: Definitions and Importance in Agricultural Extension
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Education
Psychology
Educational Psychology
Importance of educational psychology in agricultural extension
Social Psychology
Importance of social psychology
Basic Principle of Human Behaviour; Sensation, Attention, Perception: Meaning and Characteristics. Basic Concept of Change in the Behaviour, Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes. Characteristics and Differences Between Formal, Non-Formal and Informal Education
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Human behaviour
Attention
Perception
Change in Behaviour, Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes: Key Points
Formal, non-formal and informal education
Concept of Learning; Three Domains of Learning. Types of Learners, Theorist, Pragmatist, Reflectors and Activists. Learning Cycles: Conceptualization, Construction and The Dialogue
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Learning: Concept
Three domains of learning/ Bloom’s taxonomy of learning
Types of learners (Peter Honey and Alan Mumford, 1986)
Learning cycles (Mayes and Fowler’s model)
Learning Theories: Four Learning Theories and Thorndike’s Four Laws of Learning
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Introduction
Thorndike’s Four Laws of Learning
Effective Teaching Learning Elements. Factors Affecting Effective Teaching Learning Situation
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Effective teaching learning elements
Factors affecting effective teaching learning situation
Basic Psychological Concepts: Intelligence, Personality, Motivation, Emotions, Attitudes and Social perception
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Intelligence
Personality
Social perception
Personality: Traits, Types and Measurement. Factors Influencing the Personality Motivation: Significance, Techniques; Perception: Determinants, Errors; Attitudes: Factors Influencing the Development of Attitudes
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Personality
Measurement of personality
Motivation
Perception
Attitudes
Learn Rural Sociology and Educational Psychology with Rahul

Conflict

  • Conflict is struggle between people which may be physical, or between ideas.
  • It is an active disagreement between people with opposing opinions or principles.
  • Conflicts can either be within one person, or they can involve several people or groups.
  • Conflicts arise because there are needs, values or ideas that are seen to be different.

 

Conflict stages

  1. Latent Stage: Latent conflict is the stage in which factors exist in the situation which could become potential conflict inducing forces. Participants are not yet aware of conflict. Four basic types of latent conflict are: Competition for scarce resources, Drive for autonomy, Divergence of goals, Role conflict.
  2. Perceived Stage: Participants are aware that the conflict exists. Conflicts may sometimes arise even if no conditions of latent conflict exist. This is the stage when one party perceives the other to be likely to prevent from achieving his or her goals. It arises when parties misunderstanding each other’s true position. Such conflict can be resolved by improving communication between the groups.
  3. Felt Stage: Felt conflict is the stage when the conflict is not only perceived but actually felt and recognized. There occurs personalization of conflict.
  4. Manifest: Conflict is open and can be observed. Manifest conflict is the stage when the two parties engage in behaviors which evoke responses from each other. The most obvious of these responses are open aggression, apathy, sabotage, withdrawal and perfect obedience to rules. The motives towards violence may remain but they tend to be expressed in less violent forms.
  5. Aftermath: The aftermath of a conflict may have positive or negative consequences depending upon how the conflict is resolved. If the conflict is genuinely resolved to the satisfaction of all participants, else, the latent conditions of conflict may be aggravated and explode in a more serious form until they are rectified.
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