Course Content
Rural Sociology: Meaning, Nature, Scope and Relationship, Importance in Nepalese Context and Relationship with Agricultural Extension and Other Social Sciences
0/4
Sociology
Nature of rural sociology
Relationship of Sociology with other sciences
Importance of Rural Sociology in Nepal
Social Values and Attitudes: Meaning, Definition, Types and Role of Social Values and Attitudes in Agricultural extension
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Social values: Meaning and definition
Role of social values and attitudes in agricultural extension
Nepalese Rural Society
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Characteristics of Nepalese Rural Society
Culture and cultural concepts
Some important terminologies related to culture
Types of Culture
Some important terminologies
Rural Urban Continuum: Concept, Differences and Relationship Between Rural Urban Societies.
0/2
Rural Urban Continuum
Differences between rural and urban society
Social Groups: Meaning and Definition and Classification of Groups
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Meaning and definition
Classification of social group
Factors Considered in Formation and Organization of Groups, Stage of Group Formation, Role of Social Groups in Agricultural Extension
0/2
Factors considered in formation and organization of groups
Stage of group formation
Social Process (Process of Social Interaction): Basic Concepts, Accommodation, Adjustment, Amalgamation, Cooperation, Consensus, Competition, Conflict and Integration
0/8
Basic concept
Accommodation
Forms of accommodation
Some terminologies
Cooperation
Competition
Conflict
Integration
Conflict Stages, Conflict Intensity, Continuum and Conflict Management
0/4
Conflict
Conflict intensity
Conflict continuum
Conflict management
Social Movement: Meaning and Causes of Social Movement, Early and Recent Theories and Types of Social Movement
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Introduction
Factors of social movement
Types of people who are motivated for social movement
Early theories of social movement
Recent theories of social movement
Types of movements
Social Stratification: Meaning, Bases (Class, Caste, Age and Gender), Viewpoints on Stratification: Functional, Marx and Max Weber
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Introduction
Bases of social stratification
Viewpoints on stratification
Social Stratification and Inequality: Caste/ Ethnic and Regional Exclusion in Nepal
0/2
Caste/ethnicity in Nepal
Regional inequality
Rural-Social Institutions: Concept and Functions
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Rural-social Institution: Concept and Function
Household, family and its types- marriage systems
Essential features of family
Types of family
Marriage
Farming, fishing and hunting
Exchange labour
Political institution: Government
Religious institution: Types, maintenance and followers
Social Problems and Their Solution
0/1
Social problems
Socialization: Meaning, Stages and Agents of Socialization
0/2
Socialization: Meaning
Agents of socialization
Overview of Theories of Socialization Self by Cooley, Mead and Freud
0/3
Charles Horton Cooley
George Herbert Mead
Sigmund Freud
Social Change: Meaning and Factors of Social Change
0/2
Meaning
Factors of Social Change
Agricultural Technology and Rural Social Change
0/1
Technological Factors in Social Change
Social System: Meaning and Elements of Social System
0/1
Social system: Meaning
Social Deviance and Social Control: Meaning, Types and Mechanism
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Social deviance: meaning
Classifications of deviance
Mechanisms of deviance
Social control: meaning
Leadership Meaning, Classification, Function and Role of Local Farm Leader in Agricultural Develop
0/5
Leadership meaning
Leadership classification
Leadership function
Role of farm leader in agricultural development
Qualities of a Good Leader
Education, Psychology, Educational Psychology, Social Psychology: Definitions and Importance in Agricultural Extension
0/6
Education
Psychology
Educational Psychology
Importance of educational psychology in agricultural extension
Social Psychology
Importance of social psychology
Basic Principle of Human Behaviour; Sensation, Attention, Perception: Meaning and Characteristics. Basic Concept of Change in the Behaviour, Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes. Characteristics and Differences Between Formal, Non-Formal and Informal Education
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Human behaviour
Attention
Perception
Change in Behaviour, Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes: Key Points
Formal, non-formal and informal education
Concept of Learning; Three Domains of Learning. Types of Learners, Theorist, Pragmatist, Reflectors and Activists. Learning Cycles: Conceptualization, Construction and The Dialogue
0/4
Learning: Concept
Three domains of learning/ Bloom’s taxonomy of learning
Types of learners (Peter Honey and Alan Mumford, 1986)
Learning cycles (Mayes and Fowler’s model)
Learning Theories: Four Learning Theories and Thorndike’s Four Laws of Learning
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Introduction
Thorndike’s Four Laws of Learning
Effective Teaching Learning Elements. Factors Affecting Effective Teaching Learning Situation
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Effective teaching learning elements
Factors affecting effective teaching learning situation
Basic Psychological Concepts: Intelligence, Personality, Motivation, Emotions, Attitudes and Social perception
0/3
Intelligence
Personality
Social perception
Personality: Traits, Types and Measurement. Factors Influencing the Personality Motivation: Significance, Techniques; Perception: Determinants, Errors; Attitudes: Factors Influencing the Development of Attitudes
0/5
Personality
Measurement of personality
Motivation
Perception
Attitudes
Learn Rural Sociology and Educational Psychology with Rahul

Factors of Social Change

a. Biological Factor

  • Human population changes in number, composition, heredity, and quality affect society.
  • Each generation is different from the previous one in ideas and behaviors.
  • Demographic shifts like rural-to-urban migration and population density impact social structure.
  • Changes in genetic traits and species extinction in the biological environment also influence societal change.

 

b. Natural/Physical Factor

  • Natural disasters (floods, earthquakes, landslides, etc.) cause sudden social upheaval.
  • These physical changes often lead to long-term transformations in settlement and community life.

 

c. Technological Factor

  • New technologies alter institutions, customs, and social organization.
  • Mechanization has transformed economies and devalued traditional social systems.
  • According to Ogburn, technology changes society by changing the material environment, prompting social adaptation.
  • Example: Replacement of horse-drawn transport by automobiles reshaped infrastructure and lifestyle.

 

d. Cultural Factor

  • Culture changes through diffusion, invention, discovery, and borrowing.
  • Culture both responds to change and generates it from within.
  • Shifts in cultural values directly impact social institutions and behavior.

 

e. Social Factor

  • Changes in customs and social practices (e.g., end of Sati, child marriage, widow remarriage) affect society.
  • In Nepal, changes in caste system, family structure, marriage laws, and traditions lead to broader social transformation.

 

f. Political Factor

  • Political changes (e.g., revolutions, regime shifts) bring about social restructuring.
  • In Nepal, major changes were seen before and after 2007 B.S. and 2046 B.S., including the shift to multi-party democracy, which modified the social system.
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