Chemical compound produced by one organism which inhibits the growth of other organisms.
Antibiotics of fungal origin:
Antibiotics |
Microbial sources |
Mode of action |
1. Amphicellin |
Penicillium spp. |
Check cell wall synthesis |
2. Cephalosporin |
Cephalosporium spp. |
Check cell wall synthesis |
3. Fumagallin |
Aspergillus fumigatus |
Check protein synthesis |
4. Methicellin |
Penicillium spp. |
Check cell wall synthesis |
Antibiotics of bacterial origin:
Antibiotics |
Microbial sources |
Mode of action |
1. Carbamycin |
Streptomyces halstedi |
Check protein synthesis |
2. Chloromphenicol |
Streptomyces venizylae |
Check protein synthesis |
3. Erythromycin |
Streptomyces erythraceus |
Check protein synthesis |
4. Neomycin |
Streptomyces tradiae |
Induces abnormal protein synthesis |
5. Terramycin |
Streptomyces rimosus |
Check protein synthesis |
Thiamine, Riboflavin, Paraaminobenzoic acid, Folic acid etc. are produced by Yeasts.
- Riboflavin: Clostridium acetobutylicum and Asbhya gossipi
- Cynocobalamine: Streptomyces gricius
- Vitamin D: Streptomyces carlsbergensis and Aspergillus spp.
- Vitamin C: Acetobacter spp.
- Microbes also help in steroids, Ergotin, Glycerine, Gobar gas plants etc.