Center of origin and center of diversity
Difference between center of origin and center of diversity:
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Center of origin |
Center of diversity |
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i) Area of plant origination. |
i) Area with maximum diversity. |
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ii) Concerned with genetic constituents of plants. |
ii) Concerned with environmental and ecological variation. |
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iii) Doesn’t shift with time. |
iii) Shift with time. |
Center of origin
A. South Mexican and central American center:
a) Grain and legumes. Eg: maize, Common bean, Lima bean.
b) Melon plants: Gourd, Winter pumpkin, Chayote.
c) Fiber plants: Cotton, bourbon cotton.
B. South American Center:
a) Chiloe center: Common potato, Straw berry.
b) Brazilian-Paraguayan center: Peanut, Rubber tree, Pineapple, Brazil nut, Cashew.
C. Mediterranean center:
a) Cereals and legumes: Durum wheat, polish wheat, grass pea, sand oats.
b) Forage plants: Egyptian clover, white clover, crimson clover.
c) Oil and fiver plants: flax, rape, black mustard, olive.
d) Vegetables: Garden beet, cabbage, turnip, lettuce, asparagus.
e) Ethereal oil and spice plants: Caraway, peppermint, sage, hop.
D. Middle east:
a) Grain and legumes: Einkorn wheat, durum wheat, popular wheat, common wheat, oriental wheat, Persian wheat.
b) Forage plants: Alfalafa, Persian clover, Fenugreek.
c) Fruits: Gig, pomegranate, apple, pear, cherry.
E. Ethiopia:
a) Grain and legumes: Poulard wheat, emmer, Polish wheat, Barley, Sorghum, African millet, Flax.
b) Miscellaneous: Sesame, Castor bean, Garden cress, coffee, Okra, Indigo.
F. Central Asiatic center:
a) Grain and legumes: Horse bean, chick pea, mung bean, mustard, flax, sesame.
b) Fiber plants: Hemp, cotton.
c) Vegetables: Onion, garlic, spinach, carrot.
G. Indian center:
a) Cereals and legumes: Rice, chickpea, pigeon pea, rice bean, mung bean, cow pea.
b) Vegetables and tubers: Eggplant, cucumber, radish, taro
c) Fruits: Mango, orange, citron
d) Sugar, oil and fiber plants: Safflower, tree cotton, oriental cotton, jute.
e) Spices, Stimulants, Dyes and miscellaneous: Hemp. Black pepper, sandal wood, croton, bamboo.
H. Chinese center:
a) Cereal and legumes: Soyabean, Itilian millet, Japanese barnyard millet.
b) Roots, tubers and vegetables: Chinese yam, radish, Chinese cabbage, onion.
c) Fruits and nuts: Pear, Chinese apple, peach, apricot, cherry, walnut.
d) Sugar, Drug and fiber plants: Sugarcane, Opium poppy, hemp.