Introduction

• Germination is the emergence and development of a seedling from the seed embryo that is able to produce a normal plant under favorable condition.
• Germination is the term used to designate those processes beginning with the imbibition of water by dry seeds and ending when a portion of the embryo penetrates the seed coat.
• Emergence phase of growth begins when the embryo penetrates the seed coat and ends when the shoot system is able to sustain the growth by the process of photosynthesis.