Seed formation

• Seeds are borne by two great and different classes of plants; Angiosperms and Gymnosperms.
• The flower of angiosperms has ovary that contains ovules with its egg. The ovary later becomes a fruit with the developed ovule or ovules.
• The gymnosperms however, produce naked seeds and have no flower, no ovaries, and no fruit.
• Among the various seed producing family, graminae contributes the highest followed by leguminoseae.
• Sexual reproduction involves fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote, that develop into an embryo.
• In crop plants, male and female gametes are produced in specialized structures known as flower.
• The most important parts of the flower are androecium and gynoecium.
• The male and female gametes are produced as micro and megaspores respectively.