Automated Irrigation Techniques in Greenhouses

a. Time-based irrigation

• Irrigation is scheduled at fixed intervals.
• Simple but may under- or over-irrigate if weather changes.

b. Soil moisture sensor-based irrigation

• Irrigation triggered when soil moisture drops below a threshold.
• Ensures plants always have optimal water availability.

c. Climate-based irrigation (Evapotranspiration-based)

• Uses environmental data (temperature, humidity, solar radiation) to calculate crop water requirement.
• More precise but requires advanced sensors and models.

d. Plant-based irrigation

• Uses plant physiological indicators (leaf temperature, turgor, stomatal conductance).
• Ensures irrigation matches actual plant stress levels.