Meaning and definition
- A group is a social system involving regular interaction among members and a common group identity.
According to Bogardus: A social group may be thought of as a number of persons’ two or more who have some common object of attention, who are stimulating to each other and who have common loyalty and participate in a similar activity.
According to Ogburn and Nimkoff: Whenever two or more individuals come together and influence one another, it may be said to constitute as a social group.
According to Eldredge and Merrill: A social group may be defined as two or more persons, who are in communication over an appreciable period of time and who act in accordance with a common function or purpose.
Characteristics of social group
- Collective interaction and reciprocal relation: Members of a group are interrelated to each other. Reciprocal attachment forms an essential feature of a group.
- Sense of unity: The members of a group are united by a sense of unity and a feeling of sympathy.
- We-feeling: The members of a group help each other and protect their interest collectively.
- Common interest: The interest and ideas of a group is common, otherwise there will be misunderstanding and conflict among members.
- Similar behaviour: The members of a group behave in a similar way for the fulfilment of common goals.
- Group norms: Every group has its own rules or norms which the members are supposed to follow.
- Groups are dynamic: Group is not constant, there is flexibility in membership, old members may replace by the new one.
- The nature of group is both temporary and permanent: This is one of the basic features of social group. If the group is formed just for short time and will disperse after sometime called as temporary group, for example, crowd, movie etc. On the other hand, if the group is formed for relatively long-term/fixed term-called as permanent group, e.g. Family, political party, association, organization etc.
- The size of the group is relative: At least two members are necessary to form a group.